Duniya makamashi bushewa up, ƙasa surface zafin jiki tashi, dan adam makamashi kiyayewa da kuma muhalli kare sani hankali da hankali karfafa, tare da manufar makamashi kiyayewa da kuma kare muhalli LED masana'antu ne bunƙasa, a duk faɗin duniya, don haka LED masana'antu alama sun zama duniya lighting. masu ceto masana'antu, gwamnatocin duniya a Turai da Amurka a karkashin rudani na rikicin kudi kamar yadda aka samo masana'antu, hanya mai kyau don inganta yawan aiki, kasar Sin ita ce kasar bikin, tunani a karshe ya gano Chris kyakkyawa, babbar dama ga ƙirƙirar fasaha mai daraja ta duniya, duk fasaha, masana'antun hasken wuta suna aiki da kira ga gwamnati ta kudade, tallafi, tallafi ga masana'antar LED, ƙiyayya ba dare ba rana zuwa hasken wutar lantarki don maye gurbin a kowane kusurwa na duniya, nan da nan zuwa rage yanayin zafi na duniya sau biyu, musamman a fannin masana'antu daban-daban na kasar Sin ba za a iya sanya kiyayya ga duk wanda aka tara cikin masana'antar LED ba bisa ga abin da ake kira dala biliyan 500 ko ma dala tiriliyan "babban cake".
Amma shin da gaske haka lamarin yake?Fasahar hasken wutar lantarki ta LED ta isa dare na iya maye gurbin duk matakan haske?Bari mu dubi matakin duniya da kuma matakin gida a wannan fanni wane yanayi ne?
A, Turai,
Market: da Turai mutane sani na muhalli kariya, makamashi kiyayewa da kuma mafi balagagge, da yarda da kare muhalli samfurin ne mafi girma, da kuma Tarayyar Turai da aka asali samarwa da kawar da incandescent fitilar dacewa doka ya riga ya fara, gwamnatoci a fagen aikace-aikace. na makamashi-ceton fitilu da LED fitilu sun gabatar da wani shirin tallafi (taimako ga farashin samfurin 30% ~ 55%), don haka a fagen duniya, kasuwar Turai a cikin aikace-aikacen hasken wuta na LED na popularization da TuiGuangLv yana da girma, na yanzu a wasu manyan ƙasashen Turai sun riga sun sami babban kanti na tallace-tallace na ƙasa da 10 w LED kwan fitila da samfuran fitila, hasken Turai na philips da osram lighting fair a Frankfurt a cikin 2010 babban aikace-aikacen aikace-aikacen samfuran sa, kuma ya fara gini da haɓakawa. na tashoshi na kasuwa.
Fasaha: saboda kasashen eu a cikin tsara ƙa'idodin haɗin kai sau da yawa saboda sha'awa daban-daban da farawa, haifar da tsarin da yawa da daidaita yanayin rashin ƙarfi, samun damar kasuwar Turai zuwa matakan da suka dace da matakin fasaha yana da ƙarancin sako-sako, CE don hasken ƙasa mai ƙarfi. Fasaha (SSL) don sake duba daftarin zuwa mafi yawan abubuwan da ake amfani da su ga wasu buƙatun fasaha na tushen hasken gargajiya, ba su da manyan canje-canje.
Kasuwanci: kamar yadda philips da osram na gargajiya na Turai suka fara shekaru 2000 da suka gabata ko kuma sun saka hannun jari sosai kan binciken fasahar hasken wutar lantarki na LED, gami da osram a cikin farin LED tare da kayan kyalli yana da gubar, amma osram a cikin 'yan shekarun nan an sayar da shi a kasuwa. da encapsulation na farin haske dutsen ado a Indonesia, a fagen general lighting kayayyakin gabatarwa iri da wuya, kuma yafi mayar da hankali a cikin ciki ball kumfa fitila da fitila module ajin gabatarwa;Philips ya kasance abũbuwan amfãni, tare da babban birnin kasar a fagen LED aikace-aikace na farko sayen American lumileds kamfanin yana da fasaha abũbuwan amfãni da sauran makircinsu, a cikin core fasaha da kuma alaka da lamban kira bayan hakar ma'adinai a kasar Sin kasuwar da kuma neman high quality foundry Enterprises yi OEM samar ga shi, da ƙayyadaddun ƙa'idodi da ƙaƙƙarfan umarni na OEM azaman koto don haɓaka ribar kasuwanci.
Alternative analysis: Philips da osram gabatarwa a fagen LED lighting za a mayar da hankali a kan Turai da kuma Amurka kasuwanni a cikin 2012 shekaru da suka wuce, da Wolf a foundry Enterprises ta hanyar amfani da babban yankin kasar Sin bayan 2012 shigar da kasuwar Asiya, tare da kasar Sin ta tara kwarewa a cikin. fannin fasahar amfani da su don samun riba.
Na biyu, Amurka
Kasuwa: saboda tasirin rikicin kuɗi, Amurkawa sun fara ɗaukar ma'aunin ƙididdigewa akan kowane oza na farashin sa, don gaskiyar farashin ya fi hasken gargajiya, samfuran hasken LED sun kasance masu karimci Amurkawa wasu shakku da gani, don haka a cikin kowace babbar kasuwa da babban kanti na ɗan lokaci kuma ba za a iya ganin kantin sayar da kayan aikin hasken LED da manyan tallace-tallacen talla ba, lokaci-lokaci ana iya ganin wasu ƙananan ƙarancin wutar lantarki da ƙananan samfuran hasken dare.
Fasaha: Amurkawa suna da tsauraran matakan shiga kasuwa, baya ga ma'aunin tauraron makamashi, don ingantaccen tsarin hasken wutar lantarki na UL an tsara shi kuma an haɓaka shi, amma kuma tare da sauran ka'idodin samun damar kuma sannu a hankali ana ci gaba da tattaunawa, yayin da LED aikace-aikace kayayyakin ne Turai da Amurka yi guntu kamfanin a cikin rare, babban nan da nan fadi a kan mabukaci kasuwa na duniya ta lokacinta, amma a sakamakon irin su UL takardar shaida fee tsada da kuma m, LED m-jihar lighting kasuwar a Arewa. Kasuwancin Amurka da gaske ya fara kiyasin zai kasance bayan 2012.
Kasuwanci: a cikin Amurka CREE, lumileds, kamfanoni irin su bridgELux LED rukuni na masana'antun samar da guntu na LED sun fahimci ainihin fasaha na guntu wawa a duniya fasahar LED ta gaba ɗaya na iya maye gurbin hasken gargajiya, masana'antar duniya - China, don fara aikace-aikacen samfuran bincike da haɓakawa da samarwa, muna buƙatar samfuran ku, kasuwancin Amurka hannunsu har zuwa sama da 70% na ribar riba mai matsakaici da ƙasa na babban adadin kamfanonin aikace-aikacen da ke siyan samfuran su. , a daya hannun, jagororin kungiyar kungiyar ko kungiyar aiki fitar ko da nasu ba zai iya cika da samfurin fasaha misali, samar da sha'anin a babban yankin kasar Sin kamar yadda su m fasahar tabbatar da kasa.
Alternative analysis: Amurkawa a fagen fasahar LED a matsayin darajar na biyu, amma haɓaka kasuwancin Amurka gabaɗaya ajin duniya ne, nakamura daga kamfanin CREE ya sa su biyu daga Japan zuwa Amurka suna iya ganin sun fito, Amurkawa kamar damisar yunwa, a cikin LED masana'antu, ba zai hana wani kokarin yin amfani da ikon su da kuma kasuwar jagoranci da tabbaci a cikin iko da masana'antu sarkar na high-karshen mahada, ana amfani da su ansu rubuce-rubucen da ake kira mafi yawan dala biliyan 500 kasuwar cake.
Uku, Asiya, Japan, Koriya ta Kudu da Taiwan
Kasuwa: ultra-high haske LED fasahar blu-ray ne ta Jafanawa a cikin tamanin s fita, don haka Jafanawa jama'a don LED lighting aikace-aikace da duniya babbar babbar sha'awa, don haka da Jafananci kasuwa ga LED aikace-aikace goyon bayan ne mai girma, tare da karfi. maki ga LED kayayyakin a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, gwamnati shirin, LED kayayyakin a cikin Jafananci tallace-tallace tallace-tallace ci gaban da nisa a gaban sauran ƙasashe;Domin Koriya ta Kudu da Taiwan yankunan da in mun gwada balagagge semiconductor masana'antu da kuma r & d fasaha, a halin yanzu a cikin 70% na duniya high-karshen LED guntu masana'antu da aka yi a cikin wannan yanki, ko da Japan, ɗan ƙasa, osram, American bridgelux, semileds kusan mafi yawansu. OEM samar a Taiwan.
Fasaha: har yanzu Japan tana riƙe da mafi girman fasahar samar da LED mai haske, da fasaha na phosphor mafi girma da aka yi amfani da su a cikin marufi, amma sakamakon toshewar fasahar Japan, mutanen Sin suna samun ko da yaushe wani fasaha da samfuran ErSanLiu, da kuma aikace-aikacen waɗannan fasahohin don samar da samfura koyaushe don fuskantar haɗarin da'awar keta haƙƙin mallaka na wani.Yayin da gwamnatin Koriya ta Kudu ke ba da goyon baya ga ƙarfin sayan sa na sauri ga kamfanoni na duniya irin su samsung da LG backlit LED chips, guntu na LED ɗin da mutum ya yi ya ƙare a hannun jari ko hauhawar farashi.
Enterprise: a LED fasahar daga sama zuwa encapsulate da aikace-aikace na sha'anin iya ce Jafananci, Korean, Taiwan ne daya daga cikin mafi manyan Enterprises, kawai Jafananci a Japan, Toyota, mitsubishi sinadaran masana'antu LED da Enterprises da farko-aji guntu, phosphor da Tantancewar kayan fasahar, da Jafananci ɗan ƙasa, kaifi, samsung, LG lissafta marufi kayayyakin kamar high-karshen kasuwa, yayin da Taiwan wafer, haske, da dama na kamfanoni irin su karfi, Lite-on ya zama mafi girma a duniya OEM tushe.
Alternative analysis: Japan da Koriya ta Kudu suna da kyakkyawan tushe na fasaha da ikon gwamnati don inganta aikace-aikacen kasuwa, karya LED da cake, za su kasance kamar ƙungiyar jackals, a hankali suna bin taki na ribar masana'antar rarraba a cikin babban matsayi. karshen, jefa ErSanLiu kayayyakin da fasaha a cikin kasuwar kasar Sin, Sin na son yin fashi?Ƙimar wahalar tana da girma.
Na hudu, sarkar masana'antu a babban yankin kasar Sin
A halin yanzu, tare da karuwar yawan makamashi da rage fitar da hayaki kafin shekarar 2007 da bayan shekarar 2007, gwamnatin kasar Sin ta kaddamar da manufofi da matakai daban-daban na tallafawa masana'antar LED.Yanzu suna da girman girman ko kuma yana gab da samun manyan masana'antun guntu na tsakiyar kewayon suna da sama da 30, tare da samfuran ƙima na matsakaici a matsayin babban rukunin kasuwancin galibi a cikin kogin lu'u-lu'u da yankin kogin Yangtze, samar da shi. ya kai kashi 60% na yawan kayan da ake fitarwa a duniya, samfuran aikace-aikacen tashar tashar jiragen ruwa sun fi girma, tare da ƙididdigewa da ƙididdigewa na LED da aikace-aikacen, manyan da ƙananan kamfanoni a yankin Shenzhen sun kai kusan 3000.
Tare da kara ɓatar da manufofin gwamnati, haɓakar saka hannun jari na babban yanki da gabatarwar babban birni coxcombical ethos, da manyan kamfanoni mallakar gwamnati, kamfanoni da aka jera, babban kamfani, kuma suna da kuɗi ga maigidan, kamfanonin LED yanzu suna nuna blustery, ci gaba a kan kalaman ruwa. na karfi da kuma hankali ga masana'antu tare da dan kadan da hankali ga abin da ake kira "mafi girma" kafa kasa baki daya, har ma da dukan duniya na photovoltaic masana'antu wurin shakatawa a cikin shekaru biyu da suka wuce akalla kamar yadda 50, abin da ke more, har ma da wasu. An yi iƙirarin gina gundumomi da birane uku na matakin 4 sun gina wurin shakatawa mafi girma a duniya.
Bayan shekaru biyar, ba mu san wadannan abin da ake kira "mafi girma" sha'anin makoma, damu da sakamakon wannan rush ne guduro giciye filin.Mummunan farashin gasar, a ƙarshe zai zama babban ma'aikata, kayan aiki, ba wai kawai ƙarshen ɓarnatar da albarkatu ba, ƙasa da tarwatsa a cikin hubbub, kuma a ƙarshe daga wanda ya ci nasara a cikin jini zai iya ɗauka cikin sauƙi ta hanyar giant na duniya. ko kasa da kasa babban birnin kasar, LED masana'antu a karshen yana yi wa wasu JiaYiChang ya rage a gani.
Yi la'akari da garin Zhongshan Guzhen, alal misali: ko da yake a shekarar 2008 na rugujewar matsalar kudi ta kasa da kasa ta haifar da yanayin yin baftisma a masana'antar hasken wutar lantarki ta Guzhen, amma saboda rashin karfin kasuwannin masu amfani da kayayyaki a kasar Sin, garin Zhongshan Guzhen yana ci gaba da samun ci gaba a halin yanzu. tallan tallace-tallace baya rasa abin taɓawa.Kamar yadda masana'antar hasken wutar lantarki ta LED, garin da alama an shigar da shi cikin babban ci gaban "spring", karamar hukumar buri da kuma taron kungiyar semiconductor na kasa da kuma kawance, fatan tare da taimakon hasken wutar lantarki dongfeng haifar da hasken wutar lantarki na duniya. kasuwa da kasuwanci agglomeration.
Kadan tunanin, a halin yanzu a cikin tsohuwar kasuwancin garin sanannen kalmar da ake kira "babu mafi kyawun (mai inganci), kawai mafi ƙarancin farashi ()"."kasa bayyana saboda kasa alaka da kayayyakin da hadin kai matsayin da kuma m kasuwa damar da kuma tsarin kulawa, a cikin alama chaoyang LED masana'antu bai riga ya fara, da ya sanya masana'antu ne najasa, kerarre kayayyakin, yi ne m, haifar da sosai. mummunan ra'ayi a cikin tunanin masu amfani, ga waɗanda suke so su yi cikakken samfurin gaske, sun nace a kan fasaha, kamfanoni masu inganci suna gwagwarmayar rayuwa.
Madadin bincike: Kamfanonin LED na kasar Sin yanzu kamar yadda suke cikin daji suna cin abinci don guje wa rukunin tumaki a kan ciyawa, koyaushe suna tunanin ciyawa ta isa babba, za su iya cin abin da kuke yi, amma wannan gasa na rashin ƙarfi na tsawon nawa?Bayan m yãƙi juna ne sakamakon itacen inabi saboda ko ne bayan wuya girma kasa da kasa lighting Kattai da sunan kwangila ko saya a hankali.
Hero, mu kira masana'antu ne m ga wani "mu'ujiza", amma mafarki dole ne a gina a kan wani m yi da kyau a kan samfurin ingancin da kula da ma'aikata horo, ko da tafi inda, kada ku yi tafiya da sha'anin iri wayar da kan jama'a ba dogon. lokaci.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-10-2016